Childhood cancers linked to PFAS water contamination

A recent study published by the Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology examined the link between some childhood cancers and water sources contaminated by two PFAS chemicals – PFOS and PFOA – in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, California.

In short:

  • Children born in areas with PFAS contaminated water sources had an increased risk of childhood cancers.
  • PFOA contamination was particularly linked to a higher risk of retinoblastoma (a rare eye cancer), while PFOS contamination was associated with higher odds of both retinoblastoma and neuroblastoma (a nerve cancer).
  • The study authors emphasized the contributing role of multiple environmental risk factors, particularly given the high rates of poverty in these counties.

Key quote:

“This work can inform policies to reduce exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances [PFAS] and reduce possible health impacts.”

Why this matters:

PFAS, which are used in many everyday products, are associated with health effects including cancer, thyroid problems, liver problems, and developmental issues in babies and children. This study builds on previous studies of childhood cancer in California, including one we summarized in 2025 that found prenatal PFAS exposure may be linked to an increased risk of some childhood cancers. The results of these studies underscore the need to recognize the specific health impacts of PFAS in order to develop interventions that effectively address the harm caused by these chemicals, especially in vulnerable populations like mothers and children, and policies that ultimately advance the elimination of PFAS production to prevent exposure.

Related EHN coverage:

  • Prenatal PFAS exposure may be linked to an increased risk of some childhood cancers
  • PFAS exposure linked to a nearly 200% increase in infant mortality, study finds

More resources: The PFAS Exchange offers educational materials on PFAS and their health effects, resources for obtaining and interpreting blood tests, maps of contaminated sites, and more. It’s important to note that many communities have not yet tested water for PFAS, and more contamination continues to be discovered as more testing occurs.

Binczewski, N. et al. (2026). Spatial analysis of residential location at birth, PFAS in public water, and childhood cancers in Southern California (2000–2019). Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology.

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